Chuck



vJuly 29x', 1958 w. F. sKlLLlN 2,845,277

v HUcx Fied May 1955 r ATTORN EYS United States Patent CHUCK -.\.WIterF.Skillin, New Britain,"Conn.,. assignor `torUnion i' -wManufacturingsCompany, New Britain, Conn., a corporationof Connecticut Application May 23, 1955, .Serial No..510,126

"7 Claims. (Cl.A 279-121) y .My inventionrrelates ,tofachuck and, more particularly, i to,4 anjmproyed power chuck.

Reference is madev herein to my copending applications, K.Serial Nos. 510,124 and 510,125bothl tiledon-even date .herewith ...having animproved means for actuating the. chuck jaws.

.improvedchuck includes `achuck vbodyxhaving afplurality 'of:-jawsemovable-fradially thereon. The. jaws 'are' pref- .,-era-bly moved-.by'an actuator within the-body andzcoactting meansnbetween 4the actuator andthe jaws for wedgi'ng the-.latter into `chucking and unchucking` positions. 4Qhewedging means may .be actuated bypilotpins or ntpilsl'lersY extending through the chuck and carried Yat the outside by a ring which isfrotatable with thechuck1during its rotation. There is a second ring concentric with the first ringlatrthe outside ofthe body and anti-friction bearing members'are. interposed between the two rings, which .bearing members serve to cause -the two ringsto move ja'xially; more or less together. That is to say, the two rings'havelittle or no'relative axial movement. The `T sCQntl ringi is actuated preferably by power meanswhich `maybe'inthe form oflluid-actuated piston and cylinder" means carried bythe `machine' frame. @In .the..drawin gs, which show for illustrativefpurposes only, a preferred form of the invention:

Fig. 1 is a view in front elevation of one form of my improved chuck;

Fig. 2 is a sectional view taken substantially in the plane of the line 2-2 of Fig. 1; and

Fig. 3 is a fragmentary detail view in elevation taken substantially in the plane of the line 3--3 of Fig. l.

In the form shown, the chuck includes a chuck body 5 which carries a plurality of master jaws 6, to which false jaws such as 7 may be secured, as will be understood. These jaws, in the form shown, are slidable radially in ways of more or less usual construction of the chuck body. The jaws are moved radially, preferably by wedging means which may include a piston-like actuator 8 which may tit or slide in a cylinder-like chamber 9 in the chuck body. This chamber 9 is open to the lower side of the chuck jaws, as will be plain in Fig. 2, and the jaws are held down by the front plate or sectors 9 thereof forming part of the ways heretofore referred 'to and shown particularly in Fig. 3.

Means such as screws 10 may secure the chuck body to a spindle nose or an adapter 11, and in the form illustrated these screws 10 pass through guide openings 12 in the piston-like actuator 8 so as to hold the same against f rotation. in the cylinder.

2,845,277 Patented July` 29;, ".1958

ICC

The jaws and piston-likefactuator 8 have `coacting wedging orv camming means, and in the form illustrated each jaw has Vazcamrningnrwelgmg projection J13 extendingrearwardly: therefrom and the .actua-tor 8 has coacting camming surfaces to coactwith correspondingsurfaces on the Wedgingprojections 13; In the form shown, ',thewfprojection 13' and the. actuator 8 have coacting camming surfaces 14 arrangedzatzzslleh-an anglethat, when the vactuator Sis-moved` forwardly, the

coacting surfaces 14;,engage each other and camsorswedge the jaws 6 radially inwardly. The rearward movement of .the actuator :8 willcause-.thesurfaces 14 to..separate and the cam or wedge surface 15 -on the actuator wllrengage a cam or wedge surface 16 on the projectionsszxso as vtoaretract the jawsyas will be understood.

The projections 13 and the# openings defining the wedge .surfacesin theactuator `8 may'befeac'h. orboth .tof..generallyrcylindrical form and theactuating-orfwedg- ,-.ingf-sur,faces maybe parts` of,` cylinders, ,orftheseielements :and asurfaces may be tiatfsurfaces. Whilethe projections 13 and theiopenings forfreceiving the same are. each shown as being in onerpiece, it is1to b.e=understood that :for ease 1fof:yrnarnniacture` the` projections :'13'` may `be formed in :several pieces securedto the'ja-.ws and. the yactuatorf may y,also be formed inseveral pieces..secured'ztogether.` It

willrbe: seen; therefore, that generally axialrfmovement vof the'zactuatorxS wzillwcause thesjawsslto beecammed or nu The actuator- 8.zisf:movedaxially in @thechuck'fbody 1 byfsuita'ble'means suclrtas'pilot pi`nsx17 .ori the like, which may' be-ffasten'edfat.theiinner endsrto thewactua'tor-S by :means suchras thezscrews 18'. The'pinspreferablyextend .ith'rough gnidefbores 'in the back'rpl'ate il19,fwh'ich-=is se- :fcurediosthe chuckj body and. servesrtor close 'the cylinderlikeichamber 9..: fi `Thebacleplate may ybe Iheldl'on ther-body #by imeans of Ifscrews V2li-120,. las will :beunders'tood l" The pilot. pins-.orpushersl'llzat the rear end rarefpreferably may .carry or form-.part 4of amanti-friction `'beari-'ngf ring 23.'.11'There isa. second concentric ring 24, which may l:form part 'off an anti-'friction bearing ringy 25. f Anti-fric- ,.tionzbearing".membersrasuch.:as balls-26 are interposed @between the twor-rings y22-2421`V :These ballsforiother suitableanti-frction ibearing members mayholdthe rings against substantial axial relative movement so that axial movement of one of the rings will cause corresponding axial movement of the other ring. The rings are provided with the usual seals or shields for the bearings, as will be understood.

One of the concentric rings, that is the one not carrying the pilot pins 17, is moved by power means, preferably in the form of huid-pressure actuated piston and cylinder means 30. Such piston and cylinder means may be so arranged as to provide a balanced force on the ring 24, which ring, as will be clear, has the projections 31 for engagement with the piston and cylinder means referred t0.

It will be seen that when the ring 24 is moved axially by means of the power means, such as piston and cylinder means, the anti-friction bearing members will carry the ring 22 axially back and forth with the ring 24. Rearward movement of the rings will pull on the pilot pins 17 and cause the wedge surfaces 15-16 to engage each other and open up the chuck jaws. Forward movement will cause the pins 17 to force the actuator 8 in a forward direction, so as to engage the surfaces 14 and urge the jaws inwardly in chucking direction. It will be seen that, due to the anti-friction bearing members interposed between the rings 22-24, the force of the fluid pressure actuated piston and cylinder means may be maintained while the chuck is in rotation as well as when the chuck is stationary. Therefore it may not always be necessary to have the surfaces 14 at a locking angle since actual chucking pressure may be maintained during the rotation of the chuck.

It will be seen that the center of the chuck is quite unobstructed and may accommodate parts of the work piece being operated on. All of the parts are rather simple in construction and the finished chuck is eficient in operation.

While the invention has been described in considerable detail and a preferred form illustrated, it is to be understood that various changes and additions may be made within the scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.

I claim:

1. In a chuck, a chuck body, a plurality of chuck jaws movable on said body, chuck actuating means in said body and coacting with said jaws for moving the latter, means projecting into said body and carried by a ring at the outside of said body for actuating said jaw actuator in said body, a ring surrounding said first-mentioned ring, means for moving said second ring, and anti-friction bearing members interposed between said rings.

2. In a chuck, a chuck body, a plurality of chuck jaws movable on said body, means for moving said jaws on said body and extending to the outside thereof, said lastmentioned means being carried by a ring at the outside of said body, said ring being rotatable with said chuck body, a second and non-rotatable ring surrounding said rst ring, power means for moving said second ring in a direction generally axially of said body, and anti-friction bearing members interposed between said rings for holding said rings together whereby axial movement of said second ring will cause axial movement of said rst ring.

3. In a chuck, a chuck body, a plurality of chuck jaws movable on said body, a pair of concentric rings at the outside of said body, one of said rings being non-rotatable, means for moving said ring in a generally axial direction, anti-friction bearing members interposed between said rings whereby movement axially as aforesaid will cause axial movement of the other ring, and means connecting said other ring and said jaws for moving the latter.

4. In a chuck, a chuck body, a plurality of chuck jaws movable on said body, a plurality of pilot pins extending rearwardly through said body and actuating means for moving said jaws radially upon axial movement of said pilot pins, a ring at the outside of said body and secured to said pilot pins whereby axial movement of said ring will cause axial movement of said pilot pins, a second .4 ring surrounding said first-mentioned ring, anti-friction bearing members interposed between said rings and serving to hold both of said rings against substantial axial relative movement and means for moving said second ring generally axially whereby said lirst-mentioned ring is moved axially and said pilot pins are moved axially and said jaws are moved radially.

5. In a chuck, a chuck body, a plurality of chuck jaws movable on said body, a cylinder-like chamber in said body, a piston-like actuator in said chamber, coacting wedging means' between said jaws and said piston-like actuator whereby axial movement of said actuator will wedge said jaws radially, a ring, connecting means between said ring and said actuator, a second ring, antifriction bearing members interposed between said rings, and means for moving said second ring axially whereby said anti-friction bearing members will cause said firstmentioned ring to move axially.

6. In a chuck, a chuck body, said body having a cylinder therein, a plurality of jaws movable radially on said body, a piston member in said cylinder, said piston member and jaws having coacting wedging surfaces to wedge said jaws radially upon axial movement of said piston member, a ring at the rear of said chuck body, pilot pins extending through the rear of said chuck body and secured at the inner ends to said piston member and at the outer ends to said ring, a second ring concentric with said first ring, antifriction bearing members interposed between said rings and locking said rings against axial separation, and power means for moving said second ring axially to move said piston axially and said jaws radially.

7. In a chuck, a chuck body, a plurality of jaws movable radially on said body, chuck jaw moving means movable in an axial direction and cooperable with said jaws for moving the latter radially, said means extending rearwardly of said chuck body, a pair of rings at the rear of said chuck body and surrounding a part of the rear thereof, one of said rings being operatively secured to said chuck jaw moving means, power means for moving the other of said rings in an axial direction, and means for coupling said rings to cause one to move with the other in at least one direction axially.

References Cited in the tile of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,786,147 Bullard Dec. 23, 1930 2,383,156 Phillips Aug. 21, 1945 2,436,848 Benjamin et al Mar. 2, 1948 2,597,280 Barnes May 20, 1952 FOREIGN PATENTS 184,335 Great Britain Aug. 17, 1922 

